Seeed SenseCap Indicator

Device Type:

Electrical Standard:

Board:

Difficulty:Comes with ESPhome (1/5)

Product Image

Introduction

The various models of the Seeed SenseCap Indicator contain optional hardware on a core system consisting of two processors (ESP32-S3 and RP2040), with a touch screen display with backlight, an SDCard slot, two Grove connectors exposing an I2C bus and Analog-to-Digital inputs and a user button.

The ESP32-S3 is used as the primary microprocessor, controlling the display, touch-screen and communication (Wifi, BLE and LoRa if installed). The RP2040 looks after the various sensors, buzzer control and the SDCard, as well as any additional sensors attached to the Grove connectors.

Communication between the two processors is via a dedicated UART serial link. As supplied, this link uses COBS format for passing packet data.

Both processors can be programmed using ESPHome YAML code over USB, but the RP2040 also supports mounting its flash as a USB storage device, and can also be programmed that way for recovery purposes. (Poke a paperclip into the Internal Button whole before applying USB power.)

Models

D1: Display
D1S: Display with Sensors
D1L: Display with LoRa Radio
D1Pro: Display with Sensors, LoRa Radio

Hardware

Processor: ESP32-S3, RP2040
Display: ST7701S
Touchscreen: FT5X06
IO Expander: PCA9535PW
VOC Sensor: SGP40 (Model D1S, D1Pro)
CO2 Sensor: SCD41 (Model D1S, D1Pro)
LoRa Radio: SX1262 (Model D1L, D1Pro)

ESP32-S3 - Pin Allocation

SPI Bus

Pin	Function
GPIO41	SPI CLK
GPIO48	SPI MOSI
GPIO47	SPI MISO

Note: The MISO pin is not required for output (Display), and is only used for input from the LoRa radio (SX1262). The LoRa chip will not be able to be configured without it (the HW Version of the LoRa radio will not be able to be read).

Example

spi:
  - id: lcd_spi
    clk_pin: GPIO41
    mosi_pin: GPIO48
    miso_pin: GPIO47

I2C Bus

Pin	Function
GPIO39	I2C SDA
GPIO40	I2C SCL

Example

i2c:
  - id: bus_a
    sda: GPIO39
    scl: GPIO40
    scan: false

IO Expander, 16 bits (I2C)

I2C Address: 0x20

Pin	Function
GPIO39	I2C SDA
GPIO40	I2C SCL
GPIO42	IO_INT (unused)

Note: The IO_INT pin is connected to the ESP32-S3 but is not directly used.

Example

pca9554:
  - id: pca9554a_device
    address: 0x20
    pin_count: 16

LCD Display, RGB8565 (I2C + SPI + PCA9535)

The ‘mipi_rgb’ platform for the display is the newest method to configure the RGB display. It is pre-configured with the hardware details of the Seeed Indicator which simplifies the required configuration to the example below.

Example

display:
  - platform: mipi_rgb
    model: SEEED-INDICATOR-D1
    id: sensecap_display

If you want to configure any of the other display parameters, you may need to use the older ‘st7701s’ platform. Use only one of these platforms.

Hardware Details

Pin	Function
GPIO41	SPI CLOCK
GPIO48	SPI MOSI
Expander/4	SPI CS
Expander/5	SPI RESET
GPIO16	H-Sync
GPIO17	V-Sync
GPIO18	DE
GPIO21	PCLK
GPIO4, GPIO3, GPIO2, GPIO1, GPIO0	Red
GPIO10, GPIO9, GPIO8, GPIO7, GPIO6, GPIO5	Green
GPIO15, GPIO14, GPIO13, GPIO12, GPIO11	Blue

Example, using older platform (st7701s):

display:
  - platform: st7701s
    id: sensecap_display
    auto_clear_enabled: false
    data_rate: 4MHz
    update_interval: never
    spi_mode: MODE3
    color_order: RGB
    dimensions:
      width: 480
      height: 480
    invert_colors: true
    transform:
      mirror_x: true
      mirror_y: true
    cs_pin:
      pca9554: pca9554a_device
      number: 4
    reset_pin:
      pca9554: pca9554a_device
      number: 5
    de_pin: GPIO18
    hsync_pin: GPIO16
    vsync_pin: GPIO17
    pclk_pin: GPIO21
    init_sequence:
      - 1 # select canned init sequence number 1
      - delay 5ms
      - [ 0xE0, 0x1F ]  # Set sunlight readable enhancement
    data_pins:
      red:
        - GPIO4         #r1
        - GPIO3         #r2
        - GPIO2         #r3
        - GPIO1         #r4
        - GPIO0         #r5
      green:
        - GPIO10        #g0
        - GPIO9         #g1
        - GPIO8         #g2
        - GPIO7         #g3
        - GPIO6         #g4
        - GPIO5         #g5
      blue:
        - GPIO15        #b1
        - GPIO14        #b2
        - GPIO13        #b3
        - GPIO12        #b4
        - GPIO11        #b5

Touch Panel (I2C)

I2C Address: Implied

Pin	Function
GPIO39	I2C SDA
GPIO40	I2C SCL
Expander/6	TP_INT (unused)
Expander/7	TP_REST (unused)

Example

touchscreen:
  platform: ft5x06
  id: sensecap_touchscreen
  transform:
    mirror_x: true
    mirror_y: true
  on_release:
    then:
      ...

Backlight

Pin	Function
GPIO45	Backlight PWM

Example

output:
  - platform: ledc
    pin:
      number: GPIO45
      ignore_strapping_warning: true
    id: ledc_gpio45
    frequency: 100Hz

Button

Pin	Function
GPIO38	Button - Normally High

Example

binary_sensor:
  - platform: gpio
    pin:
      number: GPIO38
      inverted: true
    name: "User Button"

UART to RP2040

Pin	Function
GPIO20	RX RP_16
GPIO19	TX RP_17

External Flash, W25Q64JVSSIQ (SPI)

Mode: Octal
Speed: 80MHz
Size: 8MB

This is set in the main example below.

LoRa Radio, SX1262IMLTRT (SPI + I2C) - Models D1L, D1Pro

Pin	Function
GPIO41	SPI LoRa CLock
GPIO47	SPI LoRa MISO
GPIO48	SPI LoRa MOSI
Expander/0	SPI LoRa CS
Expander/1	SPI LoRa RESET
Expander/2	LoRa BUSY
Expander/3	LoRa DIO1

Example, requires I2C,SPI and PCA9554 (IO Expander).

sx126x:
  id: sx126x_id
  cs_pin:
    pca9554: pca9554a_device
    number: 0
  rst_pin:
    pca9554: pca9554a_device
    number: 1
  busy_pin:
    pca9554: pca9554a_device
    number: 2
  dio1_pin:
    pca9554: pca9554a_device
    number: 3
  pa_power:   3
  bandwidth:  125_0kHz
  crc_enable: true
  frequency:  915000000
  modulation: LORA
  rx_start:   true
  rf_switch:  true
  hw_version: sx1262
  sync_value: [0x14, 0x24]
  preamble_size:    8
  spreading_factor: 7
  coding_rate:      CR_4_5
  tcxo_voltage:     NONE    # v1, V2_4 for v2 boards.
  tcxo_delay:       5ms
  on_packet:
    then:
      - lambda: |-
          ESP_LOGD("lora", "rx packet:%s rssi:%.2f snr:%.2f",
                             format_hex(x).c_str(),
                             rssi,
                             snr);

RP2040 - Pin Allocation

UART from ESP32-S3

Pin	Function
GPIO16	TX ESP_20
GPIO17	RX ESP_19

Grove 1 (I2C)

Pin	Function
GPIO18	Power Switch, Active High
GPIO20	SDA
GPIO21	SCL

Grove 2 (ADC)

Pin	Function
GPIO26	ADC0
GPIO27	ADC1

SD Card (SPI1)

Pin	Function
GPIO7	SD_DET
GPIO10	SD_SCK
GPIO11	SD_MOSI
GPIO12	SD_MISO
GPIO13	SD_CS

Flash Memory, W25Q16JVUXIQ - (QSPI)

Pin	Function
Boot Button	Set Flash as USB Mountable

Buzzer

Pin	Function
GPIO19	Buzzer PWM

VOC Sensor, SGP40 (I2C) - Models D1S, D1Pro

(I2C Address: 0x59)

See: sgp4x component

CO2 Sensor, SCD41 (I2C) - Models D1S, D1Pro

(I2C Address: 0x62)

See: scd4x component

Example Configuration

Configuration for Model D1, for ESP32-S3

esphome:
  name: seeed-sensecap
  friendly_name: Seeed SenseCAP

esp32:
  variant: esp32s3
  flash_size: 8MB
  framework:
    type: esp-idf
    sdkconfig_options:
      CONFIG_ESPTOOLPY_FLASHSIZE_8MB: y
      CONFIG_ESP32S3_DEFAULT_CPU_FREQ_240: y
      CONFIG_ESP32S3_DATA_CACHE_64KB: y
      CONFIG_SPIRAM_FETCH_INSTRUCTIONS: y
      CONFIG_SPIRAM_RODATA: y

psram:
  mode: octal
  speed: 80MHz

logger:
  hardware_uart: UART0
  level: DEBUG

output:
  - platform: ledc
    pin:
      number: GPIO45
      ignore_strapping_warning: true
    id: ledc_gpio45
    frequency: 100Hz

binary_sensor:
  - platform: gpio
    pin:
      number: GPIO38
      inverted: true
    name: "User Button"

i2c:
  - id: bus_a
    sda: GPIO39
    scl: GPIO40
    scan: false

spi:
  - id: lcd_spi
    clk_pin: GPIO41
    mosi_pin: GPIO48
    miso_pin: GPIO47

pca9554:
  - id: pca9554a_device
    address: 0x20
    pin_count: 16

display:
  - platform: mipi_rgb
    model: SEEED-INDICATOR-D1
    id: sensecap_display

light:
  - platform: monochromatic
    name: "Backlight"
    id: backlight
    output: ledc_gpio45
    restore_mode: ALWAYS_ON

touchscreen:
  platform: ft5x06
  id: sensecap_touchscreen
  transform:
    mirror_x: true
    mirror_y: true
  on_release:
    - if:
        condition: lvgl.is_paused
        then:
          - lvgl.resume:
          - lvgl.widget.redraw:
          - light.turn_on: backlight

image:
  - file: https://esphome.io/favicon-512x512.png
    id: boot_logo
    resize: 200x200
    type: RGB565
    transparency: alpha_channel

lvgl:
  on_idle:
    timeout: !lambda "return 10000;"
    then:
      - light.turn_off: backlight
      - lvgl.pause:

  top_layer:
    widgets:
      - obj:
          id: boot_screen
          x: 0
          y: 0
          width: 100%
          height: 100%
          bg_color: 0xffffff
          bg_opa: COVER
          radius: 0
          pad_all: 0
          border_width: 0
          widgets:
            - image:
                align: CENTER
                src: boot_logo
                y: -40
            - spinner:
                align: CENTER
                y: 95
                height: 50
                width: 50
                spin_time: 1s
                arc_length: 60deg
                arc_width: 8
                indicator:
                  arc_color: 0x18bcf2
                  arc_width: 8

Using CO2 and TVOC Sensors (D1S, D1Pro only)

The air quality sensors in the D1S and D1Pro are unfortunately connected to the RP2040. These can be accessed, however, by flashing ESPHome to the RP2040 as well and using the Packet Transport feature.

This config exposes the data from the CO2 and TVOC sensors:

esphome:
  name: d1-rp2040
  friendly_name: d1-rp2040

rp2040:
  board: rpipico

# Enable logging
logger:

uart:
  - id: esp32s3_serial
    tx_pin: GPIO17
    rx_pin: GPIO16
    baud_rate: 115200

i2c:
  - sda: GPIO20
    scl: GPIO21

sensor:
  - platform: sgp4x
    voc:
      id: voc
      name: "VOC Index"
  - platform: scd4x
    co2:
      id: co2
      name: "CO2"
    temperature:
      id: temp
      name: "Temperature"
    humidity:
      id: humid
      name: "Humidity"

power_supply:
  - id: 'sensor_supply1'
    pin: GPIO18
    enable_on_boot: True

packet_transport:
  - platform: uart
    uart_id: esp32s3_serial
    sensors:
      - id: voc
      - id: co2
      - id: temp
      - id: humid

To flash the RP2040, press the pinhole button on the bottom of the Indicator whilst plugging in a USB cable to reveal the RPI-BOOT drive.

The configuration running on the ESP32-S3 should then also be updated to retrieve data from the RP2040:

NOTE: This configuration includes the temperature and humidity values from the SCD41 sensor for completeness; however, the accuracy of these values is compromised as it is placed directly next to the heat-generating SGP40 inside the Indicator and probably should not be used. This could be fixed by only switching on the sensors intermittently (since IO18 on the RP2040 controls power to the sensors), but this hasn’t been tried.

uart:
  - id: rp2040_serial
    tx_pin: GPIO20
    rx_pin: GPIO19
    baud_rate: 115200

packet_transport:
  - platform: uart
    uart_id: rp2040_serial
    providers:
      - name: d1-rp2040
sensor:
  - platform: packet_transport
    provider: d1-rp2040
    id: voc
    name: VOC Index
    internal: False
    accuracy_decimals: 0
    icon: "mdi:weather-dust"
    device_class: aqi
  - platform: packet_transport
    provider: d1-rp2040
    id: co2
    name: CO2
    internal: False
    accuracy_decimals: 0
    icon: "mdi:molecule-co2"
    unit_of_measurement: "ppm"
    device_class: volatile_organic_compounds_parts
  - platform: packet_transport
    provider: d1-rp2040
    id: temp
    name: Temperature
    internal: False
    accuracy_decimals: 1
    icon: "mdi:thermometer"
    unit_of_measurement: "°C"
    device_class: temperature
  - platform: packet_transport
    provider: d1-rp2040
    id: humid
    name: Humidity
    internal: False
    accuracy_decimals: 1
    icon: "mdi:water-percent"
    unit_of_measurement: "%"
    device_class: humidity

Configuration for model D1L, for ESP32-S3

Add the following to the configuration above to enable the LoRa SX1262 chip. Received data packets will be shown in the log.

Note: Other boards with LoRa SX126X radio (eg. Wio-SX1262 LoRa Module) require setting “tcxo_voltage: 2_4V” as they have a Temperature Controlled Crystal Oscillator (TCXO). The LoRa Radio on the Seeed Indicator will not operate if this is set, other than NONE.

SeeedStudio have two versions of LoRa boards - v1 (eg. Seeed Indicator D1) do not need this setting, and v2 (eg. Wio-SX1262 LoRa Module) which do.

sx126x:
  id: sx126x_id
  cs_pin:
    pca9554: pca9554a_device
    number: 0
  rst_pin:
    pca9554: pca9554a_device
    number: 1
  busy_pin:
    pca9554: pca9554a_device
    number: 2
  dio1_pin:
    pca9554: pca9554a_device
    number: 3
  pa_power:   3
  bandwidth:  125_0kHz
  crc_enable: true
  frequency:  915000000
  modulation: LORA
  rx_start:   true
  rf_switch:  true
  hw_version: sx1262
  sync_value: [0x14, 0x24]
  preamble_size:    8
  spreading_factor: 7
  coding_rate:      CR_4_5
  tcxo_voltage:     NONE    # v1, V2_4 for v2 boards.
  tcxo_delay:       5ms
  on_packet:
    then:
      - lambda: |-
          ESP_LOGD("lora", "rx packet:%s rssi:%.2f snr:%.2f",
                             format_hex(x).c_str(),
                             rssi,
                             snr);